EPOBF: Energy Efficient Allocation of Virtual Machines in High Performance Computing Cloud

Cloud computing has become more popular in provision of computing resources under virtual machine (VM) abstraction for high performance computing (HPC) users to run their applications. A HPC cloud is such cloud computing environment. One of challenges of energy efficient resource allocation for VMs in HPC cloud is tradeoff between minimizing total energy consumption of physical machines (PMs) and satisfying Quality of Service (e.g. performance). On one hand, cloud providers want to maximize their profit by reducing the power cost (e.g. using the smallest number of running PMs). On the other hand, cloud customers (users) want highest performance for their applications. In this paper, we focus on the scenario that scheduler does not know global information about user jobs and user applications in the future. Users will request shortterm resources at fixed start times and non interrupted durations. We then propose a new allocation heuristic (named Energy-aware and Performance per watt oriented Bestfit (EPOBF)) that uses metric of performance per watt to choose which most energy-efficient PM for mapping each VM (e.g. maximum of MIPS per Watt). Using information from Feitelson's Parallel Workload Archive to model HPC jobs, we compare the proposed EPOBF to state of the art heuristics on heterogeneous PMs (each PM has multicore CPU). Simulations show that the EPOBF can reduce significant total energy consumption in comparison with state of the art allocation heuristics.Comment: 10 pages, in Procedings of International Conference on Advanced Computing and Applications, Journal of Science and Technology, Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology, ISSN 0866-708X, Vol. 51, No. 4B, 201

Energy Efficient Service Delivery in Clouds in Compliance with the Kyoto Protocol

Cloud computing is revolutionizing the ICT landscape by providing scalable and efficient computing resources on demand. The ICT industry - especially data centers, are responsible for considerable amounts of CO2 emissions and will very soon be faced with legislative restrictions, such as the Kyoto protocol, defining caps at different organizational levels (country, industry branch etc.) A lot has been done around energy efficient data centers, yet there is very little work done in defining flexible models considering CO2. In this paper we present a first attempt of modeling data centers in compliance with the Kyoto protocol. We discuss a novel approach for trading credits for emission reductions across data centers to comply with their constraints. CO2 caps can be integrated with Service Level Agreements and juxtaposed to other computing commodities (e.g. computational power, storage), setting a foundation for implementing next-generation schedulers and pricing models that support Kyoto-compliant CO2 trading schemes

Energy-Aware Lease Scheduling in Virtualized Data Centers

Energy efficiency has become an important measurement of scheduling algorithms in virtualized data centers. One of the challenges of energy-efficient scheduling algorithms, however, is the trade-off between minimizing energy consumption and satisfying quality of service (e.g. performance, resource availability on time for reservation requests). We consider resource needs in the context of virtualized data centers of a private cloud system, which provides resource leases in terms of virtual machines (VMs) for user applications. In this paper, we propose heuristics for scheduling VMs that address the above challenge. On performance evaluation, simulated results have shown a significant reduction on total energy consumption of our proposed algorithms compared with an existing First-Come-First-Serve (FCFS) scheduling algorithm with the same fulfillment of performance requirements. We also discuss the improvement of energy saving when additionally using migration policies to the above mentioned algorithms.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on High Performance Scientific Computing, March 5-9, 2012, Hanoi, Vietna

Central asia security problems in the context of coalition troops withdrawal from Afghanistan

© by the author(s). The importance of the problem under study is suggested by the geopolitical significance of Central Asia, increased threat to its security on behalf of radical Islamism, as well as ended coalition troops withdrawal from Afghanistan by the beginning of 2015. The article is intended to analyze the link between the withdrawals of International Security Assistance Force from Afghanistan and the modern security challenges of Central Asia, also to determine counteraction to these threats. The main approach to the study of the problem is geopolitical analysis of the region and threats to its security. During the study there were pointed out such factors as the penetration of Islamic extremists into the region from Afghanistan, maintenance of US military bases, as well as the feasibility of emergence of destructive political developments, like "Arab spring". The particular emphasis is given to the role of Shanghai Cooperation Organization and Collective Security Treaty Organization in providing regional security and preventing destructive scenario. The materials of the article might be useful in conducting scientific research on the issues of Central Asia, providing lectures and seminars in training, also working out mechanisms of counteraction to the treats of regional security

Russia’s policy on providing security in central Asia at the beginning of the XXI century

© 2015, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved. The importance of the problem under study is suggested by the increasing threats and challenges to the security of Central Asia at the beginning of XXI century as well as the necessity to counteract them. The objectives of the article are to make a research of Russia’s policies on providing regional security in Central Asia from 2000 to 2014. To achieve these objectives the activity of Russia in the region is subdivided into 4 stages, all of which are briefly described. The particular emphasis is given to the role of such international organizations as Shanghai Cooperation Organization and Collective Security Treaty Organization. The materials of the article might be useful in conducting scientific research on the issues of Central Asia, providing lectures and seminars in training, also planning specific measures to counteract the treats of regional security

Russian-Kazakh cooperation as a factor in the implementation of the Eurasian idea

© the author(s). Conducted research is relevant due to the rapid development of integration processes at the post-Soviet space at the beginning of XXI century. The aim of the article is to analyze Russian and Kazakh collaboration as the driving force of Eurasian integration processes. The main method of the research of this issue is Eurasianism, through the prism of which Russian and Kazakh collaboration is under consideration. The results of the research prove the fact that Russia and Kazakhstan have lots of similar features and converging factors of geographic, historical, ethnic and confessional nature. The economics of the countries are inter-supplementary; their political approaches to the most global and regional issues are alike. In general Russia and Kazakhstan have not only good neighbourly and collaborating, but also inter-allied bilateral relations. This marks joint and active advance of Eurasian integration processes and the development of Eurasian idea in general. The materials of the article may be useful in conducting scientific research on the issues of external policies of Russia and Kazakhstan, providing lectures and seminars in training and planning specific measures on further advance of integration processes at the post-Soviet space

Role of сathepsin G in pathogenesis of chronic obstructive lung disease: possible ways of regulation

This review article presents the literature data supporting an idea on the role of serine proteases, and, especially, cathepsin G (CG), in pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Most studies show that the imbalance in protease-antiprotease systems in COPD is one of the main factors in the disease progression and deterioration of patient’s prognosis. CG seems to act simultaneously in several main pathogenetic aspects of the disease: it stimulates inflammation in the bronchial mucous membranes, leads to remodeling of elastic framework of the lungs, causes degradation of the phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP). A study by Gudmann et al. (2018) reported on quantitative assays of elastin fragments, which are formed under the action of CG (EL-CG) and significantly increased in COPD, thus proving the effects of CG on destruction of elastic framework in lungs. In a recent study, Rønnow S.R. et al. have recommended the assays of EL-CG fragments, reflecting elastin CG remodeling, for use as a prognostic biomarker for overall mortality in COPD. The effect of CG on PLTP was studied in the works of Brehm A. et al. It is known that the anti-inflammatory effect of PLTP is mediated by macrophages, via the ATP-binding cassette transporter (ABCA1), blocking the nuclear factor light chain enhancer (NF-kB) and reducing secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators by these cells, including (TNFα). The CG inhibition in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of the patients with COPD consistently disrupts its ability to cleave recombinant PLTP (rPLTP). At the same time, the highest CG activity was registered in BALF from smokers and in patients with COPD. Negative correlations between CG activity and PLTP level were detected. With respect to above, one may expect an increased interest for developing the inhibitors of serine proteases, including CG. E.g., the sunflower trypsin-1 inhibitor (SFTI-1) is a potent CG inhibitor, showing a significant increase of its activity when the P1 residue is replaced from Arg5 to Phe5. According to most researchers, powerful and selective CG inhibitors may be developed in future on the basis of SFTI-1, thus requiring further in-depth research

Policy of Russia and Iran in the Central Asia

© Medwell Journals, 2015. The present study considers the policy of the Russian Federation and the Islamic Republic in the Central Asia. The comparative analysis of their actions in three main directions that are topical to both entities was performed. These are relationships with Tajikistan and Turkmenistan as well as the Shanghai Cooperation Organization

The Mutual Effect of Reciprocally Moving Geokhod and Geological Environment Studied by the Discrete Element Method in Software PFC3D 5.00

A numerical experiment procedure of geokhod traverse in the geological environment, based on software PFC3D 5.00 is presented in the paper; the interpretation of numerical experiment results is provided